What is editing?

Editing is how clips of film are joined together, how clips are ordered and structured, the speed/pace of the editing and the use of special effects/CGI.

Transitions
Transitions are the ways which to shots are joined together. The most common transition which is used is the straight cut. This is where a shot cuts straight to another. There is also a dissolve transition which is sometimes used. A gradual transitions is again from one shot to another and helps to show continuity, and can also show a move from one location to another.

Fade to black/white
This is where one shot fades in or out to either black or white. It used because it creates a sense of time passing or if it is done quickly, it can show flashbacks.

Fade in/out
This is when a shot is faded out to a black screen or in from a black screen. This shows progression of time or can give a sense of chaos to a situation. It can also be used as a montage effect and is placed at the beginning or end of a sequence.

Cross Cutting
Cross cutting is where actions cut between sequences to create links. It normally parallels or contrasts between the two storylines and their settings. It's also used because it creates tension and suspense.

Wipe
This is where a line moves across the screen showing a transition from one shot to another. It shows a change in time, location etc.

Jump Cut
This is an abrupt cut between shots. It gives a dramatic effect and can begin and end action scenes. If it is edited poorly however, it can look bad.

Visual Effects
Visual effects can range from using black and white to using CGI. They can be used in many different ways, such as making a new film appear old by using a grain effect.

Graphic Match
This is where two shots are put together against each other that match together.

Continuity Editing
This maintains the spatial relationships in a film. This helps to call the audiences attention to specific objects/characters/events in the film.